{"id":39,"date":"2015-08-20T21:28:14","date_gmt":"2015-08-20T21:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/?p=39"},"modified":"2015-09-06T20:22:04","modified_gmt":"2015-09-06T20:22:04","slug":"ccent-3-s01-e08-lans-welcome-to-the-ethernet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/?p=39","title":{"rendered":"CCENT 3 S01 E08 &#8211; LANS: Welcome to the Ethernet"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>The Evolution of Ethernet<\/h3>\n<p>1973: Xerox invents Ethernet (3 Mbps)<br \/>\n1982: Ethernet Standardized Between Vendors (10 Mbps) &#8211; Prior to this everything was proprietory, so would have to purchase everything from the same vendor.<br \/>\n1995: Fast Ethernet Emerges (100 Mbps)<br \/>\n2000: Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)<br \/>\n2002: 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10,000 Mbps)<br \/>\n2007: 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100,000 Mbps)<\/p>\n<p>* Study shows average actual usage 5% of 100 Mbps (5 Mbps)!<\/p>\n<h4>Understanding Speed and Size in Networks<\/h4>\n<p>Byte &#8211; 1 Character. &#8216;e&#8217; = 1 Byte<br \/>\nKilobyte = 1024 Characters. 1 Page of data<br \/>\nMegabyte = 1024 Kilobytes<br \/>\nGigabyte = 1024 Megabytes<br \/>\nTerabytes = 1024 Gigabytes<\/p>\n<p>When talking networks, we use &#8220;bits&#8221;, 1\/8 of a Byte.<br \/>\n&#8216;0&#8217; or &#8216;1&#8217;, on or off.<br \/>\n&#8216;e&#8217; = &#8216;01100101&#8217;<br \/>\n5 = 00000101<\/p>\n<h4>Fabric of Networks: Ethernet<\/h4>\n<p>Ethernet matches up to bottom 2 layers of the OSI Model, Data Link and Physical<\/p>\n<p>Data Link<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Divided into 2 sublayers<\/li>\n<li>Logical Link Control (LLC) Layer (Picks direction to go into the Network Layer &#8211; good for TCP\/IP alt. protocols)<\/li>\n<li>Media Access Control (MAC) Layer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Physical Standards<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CAT 5, Wireless, Fiber, Etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>CSMA\/CD &#8211; MEMORIZE!!<\/h3>\n<p>Carrier Sense, Multiple Access \/ Collision Detection<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CSMA\/CD is a set of rules (standard) for governing how you talk on an Ethernet Network.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>C<\/strong><\/span>arrier: The Network Signal<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">S<\/span><\/strong>ense: The ability to detect if there is a signal occurring: Will listen before sending.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>M<\/strong><\/span>ultiple <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/span>ccess: All devices have equal access<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">C<\/span><\/strong>ollision: What happens if two devices send at once<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>D<\/strong><\/span>etection: How the computers handle collisions when they happen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Token Ring used SCMA\/CA (<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>C<\/strong><\/span>ollision <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/span>voidance)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Only device with token could send a signal<\/li>\n<li>Token could only go so fast (33 Mbps?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Methods of Communicating in the LAN<\/h3>\n<p>There are 3 types of communication methods<\/p>\n<h4>Unicast<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>One to One:\u00a0 Computer communicates only with another Computer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Broadcast<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>One to All:\u00a0 Message goes out to all devices EXCEPT the one sending the signal.<\/li>\n<li>ARP is an example of a broadcast message<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Multicast<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>One Message to a Group: Think Radio!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>Unicast would require unique connection for all listeners.\u00a0 Huge load on source server.<\/li>\n<li>Broadcast would send to EVERYBODY, so non-listening servers would have to drop it.\u00a0 Especially bad if only a small group of listeners exist.<\/li>\n<li>Multicast sends only 1 stream, but only the listeners receive it.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>The Official Explanation of a MAC Address<\/h3>\n<p>12 Hexidecimal characters.\u00a0 0-9 and A-F<\/p>\n<p>Generally written 2 ways xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx OR XXXX:XXXX:XXXX<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1st. 6 characters are the Organizer ID.\u00a0 The company assigned to that ID must use their identifier for their devices.<\/li>\n<li>2nd 6 characters are vendor assigned.\u00a0 (Think serial number)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Evolution of Ethernet 1973: Xerox invents Ethernet (3 Mbps) 1982: Ethernet Standardized Between Vendors (10 Mbps) &#8211; Prior to this everything was proprietory, so would have to purchase everything from the same vendor. 1995: Fast Ethernet Emerges (100 Mbps) 2000: Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps) 2002: 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10,000 Mbps) 2007: 100 Gigabit Ethernet ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/?p=39\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9,2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ccent","category-lans","category-networking"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39\/revisions\/60"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.thomasandsofia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}